This product is an IgG fraction antibody purified from monospecific antiserum by a multi-step process which includes delipidation, salt fractionation and ion exchange chromatography followed by extensive dialysis against the buffer stated above. Assay by immunoelectrophoresis resulted in a single precipitin arc against anti-Rabbit Serum.
Purification
Multi-step process
Immunogène
This purified antibody was prepared from rabbit serum after repeated immunizations with recombinant yeast APG8 protein.
Indications d'application
This purified polyclonal antibody reacts with yeast APG8 by Western blot and ELISA. Although not tested, this antibody is likely functional in Immunohistochemistry andimmunoprecipitation. This antibody using the specified conditions may recognize otherprominent intrinsic bands (UBLs or their conjugates). Other intrinsic bands are readilydetectable in yeast lysates at lower antibody dilutions. Recommended Dilutions: For Immunoblotting a 1: 4,000 to 1: 8,000 dilution isrecommended. A 14 kDa band corresponding to yeast APG8 is detected. Most yeast cell lysates can beused as a positive control without induction or stimulation. For ELISA a 1: 20,000 to1: 100,000 dilution is recommended. Other applications not tested. Optimal dilutions are dependent on conditions and should be determined by the user.
Restrictions
For Research Use only
Reconstitution
Restore with 0.1 mL of deionized water (or equivalent).
Concentration
5.0 mg/mL (by UV absorbance at 280 nm)
Buffer
0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2 with 0.01 % (w/v) Sodium Azide as preservative
Agent conservateur
Sodium azide
Précaution d'utilisation
This product contains sodium azide: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.
Conseil sur la manipulation
Avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Dilute only prior to immediate use
Stock
4 °C/-20 °C
Stockage commentaire
Store vial at 2-8 °C prior to restoration. For extended storage add glycerol to 50% and then aliquot contents and freeze at -20 °C or below. Centrifuge product if not completely clear after standing at room temperature. This antibody is stable for one month at 2-8 °C as an undiluted liquid.
Antigène
APG8 / ATG8 (ATG8)
(ATG9 Autophagy Related 8 (ATG8))
Autre désignation
APG8 / ATG8
Sujet
Ubiquitin-like proteins fall into two classes: the first class, ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) function as modifiers in a manner analogous to that of ubiquitin. Examples of UBLs are SUMO, Rub1 (also called Nedd8), Apg8 and Apg12. Proteins of the second class include parkin, RAD23 and DSK2, are designated ubiquitin-domain proteins (UDPs). These proteins contain domains that are related to ubiquitin but are otherwise unrelated to each other. In contrast to UBLs, UDPs are not conjugated to other proteins. Apg8 is required for autophagy (intracellular bulk protein degradation) in yeast. Starved yeast cells take up their own cytoplasm into vacuoles through autophagic bodies. Autophagic bodies form a double-membraned structure called the autophagosome, which subsequently fuses with the vacuole/lysosome. This process similar in mammals. Two sets of genes, APG and AUT, have been identified with this process, and are responsible for two ubiquitin-like systems Apg12 and Apg8, respectively. Apg12 is synthesized in its mature form and seems to have one target, Apg5. Almost all Apg12 Molecules are conjugated with Apg5. Aut2/Apg4 processes the Apg8/Aut7 system at its carboxy-terminal region. Apg8 exists in two forms, one is membrane bound through a phospholipid. Lipidation/ activation of Apg8 is mediated by Apg7 and transferred to Apg3 and finally forms a conjugate with phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (PE). Apg4 cleaves Apg8-PE, releasing Apg8 from membrane. Morphological studies show that Apg8 localizes on the membrane of intermediate structures of the autophagosome, this transient association seems to be essential for formation of the autophagosome. Both Apg12 and Apg8 are highly conserved, with apparent homologues in the worm, mammals and plants. In higher eukaryotes, Apg8 consists of a multigene family.Synonyms: AUT7, Autophagy-related protein 8, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier ATG8, CVT5, Cytoplasm to vacuole targeting protein 5