This antibody recognizes extracellular domain of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase, FOLH1, PSMA), an approximately 95-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly in tumour neovasculatures, nervous system and jejunum, which is an important prostate tumour marker.
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Mesters, Barinka, Li, Tsukamoto, Majer, Slusher, Konvalinka, Hilgenfeld: "Structure of glutamate carboxypeptidase II, a drug target in neuronal damage and prostate cancer." dans: The EMBO journal, Vol. 25, Issue 6, pp. 1375-84, (2006) (PubMed).
Davis, Bennett, Thomas, Bjorkman: "Crystal structure of prostate-specific membrane antigen, a tumor marker and peptidase." dans: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 102, Issue 17, pp. 5981-6, (2005) (PubMed).
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as N-acetyl-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase I), folate hydrolase (FOLH1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an approximately 95-110 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in various tissues. In nervous system GCPII cleaves abundant N-acetylaspartylglutamate, which is released from neurons in a calcium-dependent manner, to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate. As immoderate glutamate concentration is neurotoxic, GCPII contributes to pathological conditions regarding e.g. Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, stroke or neuropathic pain and appears to be an interesting therapeutic target. In jejunum GCPII hydrolyzes pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to folate and glutamate, enabling folate to be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. GCPII, which is present in a number of tissues at low levels, is overexpressed in neovasculature of most solid tumours and is a target enzyme for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Normal human prostate express more mRNA coding for a cytosolic GCPII form truncated at the N-terminus (PSM´) than mRNA for membrane-bound GCPII, and this ratio is reversed upon malignant transformation.Synonyms: FOLH, Folate hydrolase 1, Folylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase, GCP2, Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, Membrane glutamate carboxypeptidase, N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I, NAALAD1, NAALAdase, PSM, Prostate-specific membrane antigen, Pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase